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The Future of Green Cars lies in Sophisticated Testing

27 May 2008

The automotive industry’s race to develop a generation of high Performance, low emissions power plants has lead to high capability test beds that monitor parameters.

Electric/ petrol and electric/ diesel hybrid engines with fuel injectors, regenerative braking and kinetic energy stores are just some of the future performance enhancing technologies hoped for in ‘green cars.’

 

To make this possible however, relies not just on the engineering design of the power plants but also on the capabilities of what was once, the humble test-bed since the future technology will rely on the ability to monitor multiple parameters simultaneously.

 

 

Sensor Technology has produced TorqSense, an in-line digital torque sensor which is easy to use, accurate and low cost – ideal as the core of any motor test bed. Tony Ingham, from Sensor Technology, explains:

 

 “Measuring an engine’s torque is a fundamental business; older sensors often used slip rings which wear over time thus increasing inaccuracies or had analogue electronics which are difficult to interface with digital equipment.

 

With no need for slip rings due to its non-contact, working through an RF couple and with modern digital RF electronics inside, Sensor Technology’s TorqSense allows easy interfacing with digital equipment. It also boasts its own TorqView software so the development engineers are able to concentrate on monitoring the key input and output parameters.

 

 

” In a hybrid power plant electrical power and mechanical torque are essentially the same thing - an energy flow, which has to be used as efficiently as possible with minimum losses. Significantly the two directions of energy flow, to and from the power source, as equally important to optimize so that recharging is as efficient as running. “

 

There are some really radical thinkers currently employed in advanced engine design,” observes Tony. “To them, electric motors, IC engines, generators and regen units are all essentially the same – torque producers that ultimately drive the road wheels! So is it any wonder that they like TorqSense?”

 

 

A typical test bench used in this sector is based around a TorqSense torque sensor. This is in-line mounted and used to monitor all rotary inputs and outputs within whatever combination of engine and electric machine is under scrutiny so that efficiencies calculations and mapping can be implemented. TorqSense transducers use two tiny quartz piezoelectric combs, called Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) devices fixed to the surface of the sensor’s shaft.

 

As the torque increases the spacing between the combs inside the SAW devices vary, allowing the resonant frequency to change proportionally to the applied torque of the rotating shaft under test. In effect the SAW devices are frequency dependent strain gauges that measure changes in resonant frequency of the test shaft as the test programme is run and with a wireless radio frequency (RF) coupling to transfer the data signal to a pick-up head the sensor is non-contact.

 

The same RF coupling also supplies power to the SAW devices. This is possible because the devices are based on piezo technology so need less than one mill watt of power. This arrangement does away completely with the difficulties of fitting slip rings inside the sensor and maintaining their contact quality throughout an extended test run. “TorqSense makes motor testing much more straightforward than any other method of measurement,” enthuses Tony. “Its digital outputs and ease of operation allows easy data capture, intelligent calibration and advanced analysis toolsets.”


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